Aerospace Physiology 25-07 Practice Test

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• This vision is used during low-light conditions. Cone cells are ineffective, resulting in poor resolution of detail. Color vision is lost and visual acuity decreases as much as 20/200.
• This zone extends from approximately 10,000 feet to approximately 50,000 feet and features reduced atmospheric pressure, inadequate oxygen, and risk of decompression sickness.
• Illusions caused by linear accelerations, with the otolith organs responding to linear acceleration forces, are called?
• What are the three types of thermal stress?
• Which part of the inner ear measures linear acceleration?
• What is the primary purpose of the red blood cell (RBC)?
• The retinal feature that lacks photoreceptors and is the anatomical blind spot is the:
• Which statement is NOT part of the described treatment protocol?
• A condition in which the rate and depth of breathing is abnormally increased.
• During G-LOC, unconsciousness lasting roughly 9 to 21 seconds is referred to as which condition?
• The photoreactive protein that gives rods their light sensitivity is called which?
• What is the standard lapse rate?
• Which of the following is not a fatigue type?
• Which of the following is NOT a function of the respiratory system?
• Which term describes a temporary reduction in hearing sensitivity following noise exposure?
• Which system transports and distributes nutrients and oxygen to the tissues and removes waste products of metabolism?
• The level at which we actively process information; we are at our best when we do one thing at a time (serially).
• What are the three types of fatigue?
• In the retina, which cells mediate color vision under bright light?
• This vision is used when light availability is between adequate and inadequate. Here both rods and cones are active, although not at peak efficiency.
• Acceleration that involves a change in speed without a change in direction.
• The number of times a sound wave oscillates?
• What color are high pressure oxygen systems, and what are they normally pressurized to?
• Cabin pressurization primarily helps prevent which hazard?
• What is the most common means of preventing hypoxia?
• What are the most practical hearing protection available to you?
• In daylight, color discrimination is primarily mediated by which retinal photoreceptors?
• What is the primary purpose of the respiratory system?
• In the SHELL model, which element comprises the rules, regulations, policies, and guidance that govern how a system operates?
• Which acceleration occurs during aerobatic maneuvers when speed and direction change?
• The greatest pressure change occurs between which altitude ranges?
• Which option lists factors that can affect oxygen delivery to the tissues?
• Which gas law is described by the relationship among pressure, volume, and temperature and is often expressed as PV = nRT?
• Which type of spatial disorientation occurs when the pilot recognizes the error but remains disoriented?
• Which item is the first step in the RICE check for oxygen systems?
• What effect does rapid decompression have on Time of Useful Consciousness (TUC)?
• Exists above 50,000 feet. The physiological problems of flight above 50,000 feet are essentially the same as those for space.
• What is the primary and most critical disadvantage of aircraft pressurization?
• The force applied from the feet to the head.
• Which of the following is a component of the IM SAFE mnemonic used for pilot self-assessment?
• DCS with symptoms including disturbances in vision, severe persistent headache, partial paralysis, loss of speech or hearing, vertigo and loss of orientation is classified as?
• The force applied from the front to the back of the body.
• When the temperature remains constant, a volume of gas is inversely proportional to the surrounding pressure; this describes which law?
• In the IM SAFE mnemonic, which item represents Fatigue?
• What are the levels of situational awareness?
• Which of the following is a symptom of hypoxia?
• An oxygen deficiency sufficient to cause impairment of function.
• Which areas are more susceptible to trapped gas disorders on ascent?
• What describes the interface between the primary human element and the secondary human element, such as other crew members and air traffic controllers?
• What are the five common oxygen systems?
• Ability to adjust the strength of lens (required to focus both near and far objects on retina).
• Stagnant hypoxia occurs when a reduction in cardiac output, pooling of the blood, or restriction of blood flow reduces O2 delivery.
• Which of the following are causes for hypemic hypoxia?
• Which areas of the body are most commonly affected by trapped gas disorders?
• Why is a slow decompression potentially the most dangerous?
• Tiny sacs in the lungs that exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the bloodstream are called what?
• Which term in the SHELL model corresponds to the human element in aviation systems?
• Which part of the vasculature carries blood away from the heart?
• DCS that can produce a mottled, reddish, or purplish rash that develops on the skin is called?
• What is the approximate composition of Earth's atmosphere?
• A simultaneous change in both speed and direction. Occurs during most aerial maneuvers.
• Which gas law states that the total pressure of a mixture equals the sum of the partial pressures of each gas?
• The amount of gas dissolved in a solution varies directly with the partial pressure of that gas over the solution. This is described by which law?
• Which atmospheric zone exists above 50,000 feet and has problems similar to those in space?
• Which oxygen system is abbreviated as OBOGS?
• Which of the following is a method of recovering situational awareness?
• Which term describes the ongoing awareness of the aircraft’s position and threat environment during flight?
• Which photoreceptors are densest at the periphery of the retina and support peripheral vision in dim light?
• What are the two types of decompressions?
• How often is air normally exchanged per minute in a healthy adult?
• What is the tiny pit that contains only cones and is the natural point on the retina where the lens focuses an image?
• Which vision occurs when both rods and cones are active but not at peak efficiency due to intermediate light levels?
• Gas exchange in the lungs occurs primarily through the walls of which structures?
• In which vision is color vision lost?
• The amount of a gas dissolved in a solution varies directly with the partial pressure of that gas over the solution. This is described by which law?
• Part of the red blood cell that is responsible for transporting O2 and CO2?
• Which vision is used in daylight with sufficient light to activate the cones; best acuity and reaction time?
• What term describes an aircrew's continuous perception of self and aircraft in relation to the dynamic environment of flight, threats, and mission, and the ability to forecast, then execute tasks based upon that perception?
• What is the unit of measurement for intensity?
• DCS in which pain is generally localized in and around the joints of the body is known as?
• A nonpermanent loss of hearing in a frequency or range of frequencies after exposure to loud noise.
• Which of the following is a common hypoxia symptom?
• Which term describes the combination of protective devices used for hearing protection?
• The inward movement of eyes to focus on a near object.
• Which atmospheric zone extends from about 10,000 feet to 50,000 feet?
• Which of the following is a function of the respiratory system?
• Concentrated on the fovea. Its primary function is to recognize and identify objects, generally to answer the 'what is it' question.
• What are the steps of treatment for decompression sickness?
• The sum of chemical and physical processes which maintain life.
• Which law states that volume is inversely proportional to pressure when temperature is constant?
• Placing demands in perspective, maintaining a healthy diversity in your life, eliminating self-imposed stress, and having good self assessment habits are all methods of?
• Which structure is considered an anatomical blind spot because there are no photoreceptors located there?
• Which of the following is a common symptom of hypoxia?
• Which type of hypoxia is caused by low environmental oxygen pressure?
• Which DCS type is associated with a mottled reddish or purplish rash on the skin?
• The otolith organs respond to what kind of acceleration?
• What is the illusion that means 'self-motion' and occurs by staring at a single light source against a dark background?
• Which cockpit control is explicitly referenced in the protocol for handling physiological symptoms?
• What term describes the diffusion of a gas from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached?
• What occurs at night time since the cones in the fovea require high light levels to function?
• Which of the following is a sign of hypoxic hypoxia?
• What is the recommended action after initiating DCS treatment to ensure patient safety?
• After recovering from G-LOC, the ability to return to full alertness is not immediate. What is this condition called?
• Which of the following correctly pairs a type of hypoxia with its defining characteristic?
• Used primarily to orient oneself relative to the environment and constitutes the remainder of the visual field.
• Hypemic hypoxia is characterized by which of the following?
• Which vessels return blood to the heart?
• In the SHELL model, which element represents the equipment, material, and physical assets of a system?
• What term measures the magnitude of an acoustic event and is a measure of pressure of sound waves in the ear canal?
• Which of the following is NOT a unit for measuring atmospheric pressure?
• Which factor is NOT typically listed as affecting oxygen delivery to tissues?
• What is the maximum percentage of oxygen the T-6 OBOGS can produce when the concentration lever is positioned in MAX?
• Which of the following is NOT part of the IM SAFE acronym?
• Which photoreceptors enable you to see the details of the world in color under bright light conditions?
• Disorder produced by the evolution of gas from tissues and fluids of the body (nitrogen bubbles)?
• Which of the following is a somatogravic illusion?
• A change in speed without a change in direction. Occurs during takeoff, landing, or level flight.
• The innermost layer of the eye, containing millions of photoreceptors, is the:
• Which cells mediate high-acuity color vision in bright light?
• A change in direction without a change in speed. Occurs when pulling out of a dive, pushes over into a dive, or performs an inside or outside turn.
• The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood is called?
• Which term symbolizes humans in the aviation system and considers human performance, capabilities, and their limitations?
• Which initial action is indicated by the Green Ring protocol for physiological symptoms?
• Occurs when the cochlea's ability to convert a certain frequency to electrical signals is lost because of hair cell damage.
• Histotoxic hypoxia results when the O2 delivered to tissues and cells cannot be used for energy production.
• What is the most dangerous type of spatial disorientation you can experience?
• Which term describes the inability to accurately orient yourself with respect to the Earth’s horizon?
• Which term describes the cockpit and organizational context, including culture and workflow, in which humans operate?
• Which atmospheric zone extends from sea level to about 10,000 feet and is the zone the human body is adapted to?
• Which thermal stress is most dangerous and requires immediate medical attention?
• Which type of hypoxia is caused by exposure to low barometric pressure leading to reduced oxygen partial pressure?
• Which statement lists factors that influence hypoxic hypoxia?
• What term describes the combined weight of all atmospheric gases acting to create a force upon the surface of the Earth?
• Which acceleration involves a change in direction without speed change?
• Which of the following is NOT a listed sign of hypoxic hypoxia?
• Which of the following is NOT a type of spatial disorientation?
• Which of the following lists the three types of spatial disorientation?
• What term describes the force exerted from the head toward the feet during vertical acceleration?
• The weight of the atmosphere can be measured in what units?
• Which term describes the ability to adjust the crystalline lens to focus near or far objects?
• Which illusion is specifically associated with angular acceleration?
• What is the most effective method to minimize hazards of decompression sickness, hypoxia, and fatigue?
• Which law describes gas behavior using three interrelated variables: pressure, volume, and temperature?
• What are the standard sea-level temperature and atmospheric pressure?
• Which trapped gas disorders are most commonly encountered on descent?
• Which item is not part of the RICE check?
• What structure in the lungs is primarily responsible for gas exchange with the blood?
• Excessive loss of carbon dioxide from the blood.
• Which term describes the optimization of the relationship between people and their activities through the systematic application of human sciences within systems engineering?
• Which unit is used to measure frequency?
• Which symptom is associated with CNS manifestations of DCS?
• Which term refers to the cockpit, flight deck, ground control system, the organization, and the culture in which the human operates?
• Which DCS form is characterized by chest pain and a dry nonproductive cough?
• LOX is an acronym used for what in aerospace oxygen systems?
• Which term denotes the interface between the primary human element and the secondary human element?
• Which component detects linear acceleration in the vestibular system?
• Which pressurization system unpressurizes until a preset cabin pressure is reached, then maintains a constant cabin pressure until a selected differential is attained?
• What is the active component of respiration?
• Which term describes DCS manifestations including loss of vision, severe headache, vertigo and loss of orientation?
• Which part of the vestibular system measures angular acceleration?
• Illusions caused by stimulation of the semicircular canals due to angular acceleration are called?
• Which photoreceptors are primarily responsible for color vision under daylight?
• The inner ear contains two subsystems: the semicircular canals and the otolith organs. What is this overall system called?
• Which part of the vasculature carries blood back to the heart?
• The region of the retina that provides the highest visual acuity and color discrimination in bright light is the:
• Which component detects angular acceleration in the vestibular system?
• What is the gaseous envelope surrounding the Earth?
• What is Time of Useful Consciousness as defined?
• What is the passive component of respiration?
• Which illusion is caused by linear acceleration?
• Which term describes the humans in the aviation system and their abilities and limitations?
• Descent below what altitude should be initiated according to the protocol?
• DCS with symptoms including deep sharp pain centrally located under the sternum, a dry nonproductive cough, and difficulty with inspiration is called?
• Which are the three types of vision?
• Considered a parallel processor. This level of our mind is capable of doing more than one thing at a time and can do them very quickly.
• Which of the following is NOT a phase of respiration?
• Which aircraft pressurization system maintains a constant cabin pressure as altitude increases?